The Eight Elements of Language

An effective teacher of English learners understands basic elements of language and language development. This is important for two reasons. First, you will actually be able to observe these aspects of language in your students. Second, this information will give you insight and help you understand ways to guide your English learners. At the end of each element of language, you will read why this knowledge is useful for you as a classroom teacher. Please understand that volumes have been written on any single aspect of language that you read about below, should you be interested in exploring any one topic. What you read here are the briefest of explanations. Before you read more, think about your answers to the following questions: How do you define language? What influences how we use language?

What is language? How can it be defined? Like the air around us, it’s everywhere, and so much a part of our environment that we may not give it much thought. Minimally, language is a series of arbitrary sounds strung together that permit a group of people to communicate.

However, it is much more than this—it is a universal human phenomenon that is the foundation of all our communication. It is systematic and rule-governed, influenced by culture, social and economic class, and even when, where, and with whom we use it. Let’s take a closer look.

Language . . .

1.       develops naturally

2.       develops in stages

3.       has structure

4.       is intertwined with culture

5.       is linked to cognition

6.       has varieties

7.       is learned in social contexts

8.       is influenced by purpose and context